Amorphous hydrogels

Hydrogels are indicated for management of pressure ulcers, skin tears, surgical wounds, and burns, including radiation therapy burns. Because they contain up to 95% water, hydrogels cannot absorb much exudate and should be reserved for dry wounds or wounds with minimal to moderate drainage.

An impregnated-gauze hydrogel, which is an amorphous hydrogel impregnated into a gauze pad, can be used to fill dead space in a large wound.

Hydrocolloid Dressings

Because they are occlusive, hydrocolloid dressings do not allow water, oxygen, or bacteria into the wound. This may help facilitate angiogenesis and granulation. Hydrocolloids also cause the pH of the wound surface to drop; the acidic environment can inhibit bacteria growth.

Like hydrogels, hydrocolloids can help a clean wound to granulate or epithelialize and encourage autolytic debridement in wounds with necrotic tissue. However, because of their occlusive nature, hydrocolloids cannot be used if the wound or surrounding skin is infected.

Alginate Dressings

Composite dressings have multiple layers and can be used as primary or secondary dressings. They are appropriate for wounds with minimal to heavy exudate, healthy granulation tissue, necrotic tissue (slough or moist eschar), or a mixture of granulation and necrotic tissue (Figure 1).

Use composite dressings cautiously if the patient is dehydrated or has fragile skin. Keep in mind that some insurers will not reimburse a facility or provider if a composite dressing is used as a secondary dressing with a hydrogel or impregnated gauze.

Transparent Films